Proof Of Loss — Insurance Claims Definition
A formal statement signed by the insured documenting the amount and details of a claim, often required before the insurer pays.
A Proof of Loss (POL) is a sworn or signed document in which the policyholder states the amount of loss, describes the damaged property, and attests to the truth of the claim under penalty of perjury in some jurisdictions. Many property policies require submission within a fixed period after the insurer requests it.
The POL triggers or completes the insurer's obligation to evaluate payment under the policy. It may be supported by estimates, invoices, photos, and other documentation. Disputes often arise over deadlines, scope of loss described, or whether the form was properly executed.
Examples
After a windstorm, the insurer sends a blank Proof of Loss form requiring the homeowner to itemize damaged roofing, siding, and interior finishes with replacement cost and ACV columns, then sign and notarize where required.
Common Mistakes
Missing the POL deadline can bar or delay recovery. Policyholders sometimes submit incomplete POLs without supporting documentation, giving the insurer grounds to request supplements or deny until satisfied.
