New Study Uncovers State Variations in Workers’ Compensation for First Responders’ Mental Health

Recent research from the Center for Firefighter Injury Research and Safety Trends (FIRST) has revealed significant differences in state workers’ compensation laws regarding mental health for first responders. EMS responders and firefighters regularly face high-stress situations that can lead to mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and PTSD. The study, led by Sherry Brandt-Rauf and published in the Journal of Public Health Policy, found that all 50 states support claims for mental health issues arising from physical injuries, but only 44 states support claims where mental health issues lead to physical problems, and 40 states cover mental health issues stemming purely from psychological stress.

The report highlights a stark contrast in the number of states with presumption of causation laws for physical ailments like cardiovascular and respiratory diseases compared to mental health conditions. While 23 states enacted COVID-19 presumption laws during the pandemic, only nine states have similar laws for mental health conditions. Barriers such as latency periods, time limits, and pre-existing conditions make it challenging for first responders to prove that their mental health issues are work-related.

The authors suggest that states could bridge these gaps by implementing presumptive coverage for mental health conditions, similar to the approach taken for COVID-19. This would alleviate the burden of proof on first responders and ensure better support for their mental health needs. The FIRST Center continues to advocate for better policies to protect and support the mental health of first responders.